Why were you referred to Maternal Fetal Medicine?
Being referred to a specialist unit can feel overwhelming. This guide is designed to help you understand common clinical reasons for referral, what the Maternal Fetal Medicine team may do to assess your pregnancy, and how we support you.
Abnormal Ultrasound Finding
An ultrasound scan has identified a variation or structural feature in the baby's anatomy that warrants additional subspecialist evaluation.
Our team may perform a detailed, high-resolution ultrasound scan to assess the anatomy in depth, discuss potential implications, and outline monitoring options depending on the findings.
Increased Nuchal Translucency (NT)
A measurement of the fluid space at the back of the baby's neck during the first-trimester scan was found to be thicker than standard averages.
We can help assess the screening result, discuss diagnostic options such as CVS or amniocentesis, and coordinate detailed fetal heart and anatomy scans depending on the findings.
High-Risk NIPT or Screening Result
A non-invasive prenatal test (cell-free DNA blood test) or first-trimester combined screening showed a higher probability of a chromosomal condition.
Our specialists can help explain the screening probability, discuss the differences between screening and diagnostic testing, and guide you through confirmatory options like CVS or amniocentesis.
Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction
The baby's ultrasound measurements suggest they may be growing more slowly than expected for their gestational age.
MFM subspecialists can perform specialized Doppler ultrasound assessments to check placenta function and fetal blood flow, helping to plan the optimal timing and safety parameters for delivery.
Twin or Multiple Pregnancy
Carrying twins or triplets requires extra clinical surveillance, particularly if the babies share a single placenta (monochorionic twins).
We can provide regular, structured ultrasound monitoring to assess fluid levels and growth patterns, co-managing your pregnancy alongside your primary obstetrician to optimize outcomes.
Placenta Problem
The placenta is positioned low in the uterus (placenta previa) or there is clinical concern about how it attaches to the uterine wall (placenta accreta spectrum).
MFM specialists can perform detailed ultrasound mapping to evaluate placenta location and invasiveness, forming a coordinated surgical and delivery plan depending on the findings.
Short Cervix or Prior Preterm Birth
Ultrasound scans indicate that the cervix may be shortening prematurely, or you have a history of delivering a baby before 37 weeks.
Our team can offer serial cervical length surveillance, recommend progesterone therapy, or discuss whether a cervical stitch (cerclage) may be beneficial for your pregnancy.
Maternal Medical Condition
The mother has a pre-existing medical issue—such as chronic hypertension, diabetes, cardiac disorders, or autoimmune conditions—requiring care during pregnancy.
We work closely with your medical specialists to optimize maternal health, monitor fetal development, and plan a safe delivery timeline depending on the findings.
Need Amniocentesis, CVS, or Genetic Testing
You require or have chosen to proceed with a diagnostic test to obtain definitive genetic information about the baby.
Our fellowship-trained MFM subspecialists perform these invasive diagnostic procedures under continuous, precise ultrasound guidance to optimize safety.
Suspected Fetal Anaemia
There is concern that the baby's red blood cell count may be low, often due to maternal red-cell antibodies (alloimmunisation) or maternal infection.
We can monitor the baby's blood flow using middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler scans and, if required, perform highly specialized in-utero fetal blood transfusions.
Fetal Heart Concern
A routine scan has suggested a potential variation in the structure or rhythm of the baby's heart.
An MFM subspecialist may perform a specialized fetal echocardiogram to evaluate cardiac function and structure, coordinating post-natal plans with pediatric cardiologists if needed.
Need Fetal Surgery or Fetal Therapy Opinion
The baby has a condition (such as TTTS in twins, LUTO, or congenital diaphragmatic hernia) where treatment inside the womb may be considered.
Our specialists can assess eligibility for advanced in-utero interventions (such as fetoscopic laser ablation or shunt placement) and detail the clinical options available to you.
Personalized Care & Complete Support
Please remember that being referred to Maternal Fetal Medicine is a proactive step to ensure the safest care for you and your baby. Our subspecialists co-manage your pregnancy in direct partnership with your primary obstetrician, providing answers and coordinate plans.
Understanding Your Clinical Care Pathway
Screening vs. Diagnostic Testing
Understanding the difference between risk estimation and definitive results
Screening: Purpose
Estimates probability of a condition (e.g. NIPT, combined screening). It is non-invasive and safe.
Diagnostic: Purpose
Provides a definitive chromosome/genetic result (CVS or Amniocentesis).
Screening: Procedure
Simple blood test from the mother or ultrasound measurement (e.g. Nuchal Translucency).
Diagnostic: Procedure
Tiny sample of placenta cells or amniotic fluid collected under continuous ultrasound guidance.
Invasive diagnostic tests are entirely voluntary. MFM specialists offer detailed counseling to help you decide if testing is appropriate for your family.